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Cybersecurity Fundamentals Introduction to Cybersecurity

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Adoption of Internet by businesses and enterprises has made mobile-banking, online shopping, and social networking possible. Whilst it has opened up a lot of opportunities for us, itsnot altogether a safe place because its anonymity also harbors cybercriminals.So, toprotect yourself against the cyber threats of today, you must have a solid understanding of cybersecurity. This article will help you get a grip on cybersecurityfundamentals.

Let’s take a look at the topics covered in this cybersecurity fundamentals article:

The history of Cybersecurity What is Cybersecurity? Why is cybersecurity important? The history of Cybersecurity

About fortyyears ago words like worms, viruses, trojan-horse, spyware, malware weren’t even a part of conventional information technology (IT) vocabulary.Cybersecurity only came into existence because of the development of viruses. But how did we get here?

The history of cybersecurity began as a research project. Inthe 1970’s, Robert Thomas,a researcher for BBN Technologies in Cambridge, Massachusetts,created the first computer “worm”. It was called The Creeper . The Creeper, infected computers by hopping from system to system with the message “I’M THE CREEPER: CATCH ME IF YOU CAN.” Ray Tomlinson, the inventor of email,created a replicating program called The Reaper , the first antivirus software, which would chase Creeper and delete it.

Late in 1988, a man named Robert Morris had an idea: hewanted to test the size of the internet.To do this, he wrote a programthat went through networks, invaded Unix terminals, and copied itself. The Morris worm was so aggressive that it slowed down computers to the point of being unusable.He subsequently became the first person to be convicted underComputer Fraud and Abuse Act.

From that point forward, viruses became deadlier, more invasive, and harder to control. Withit came the advent of cybersecurity.

Cybersecurity Fundamentals | Understanding Cybersecurity Basics | Edureka

What is cybersecurity?

Cybersecurity is the body of technologies, processes, and practices designed to protect networks, computers, programs and data from attack, damage or unauthorized access.


Cybersecurity Fundamentals   Introduction to Cybersecurity

The term cybersecurity refersto techniques and practices designed to protect digital data. The data that is stored, transmitted or used on an information system. After all, that is what criminal wants, data . The network, servers, computers are just mechanisms to get to the data.Effective cybersecurity reduces the risk of cyber-attacks and protects organizations and individuals from the unauthorized exploitation of systems, networks, and technologies.

Robust cybersecurity implementation is roughly based around three key terms: people, processes, and technology .This three-pronged approach helps organizations defend themselves from both highly organized attacks and common internal threats, such as accidental breaches and human error.

The attacks evolve every day as attackers become more inventive, it is critical to properly define cybersecurity and understand cybersecurity fundamentals.

Why is cybersecurity important?

Listed below are the reasons why cybersecurity is so important inwhat’s become a predominant digital world:

With each passing year, the sheer volume of threats is increasing rapidly. According to the report by McAfee, cybercrime now stands at over $400 billion, while it was$250 billion two years ago. Cyber attacks can be extremely expensive for businesses to endure. In addition to financial damage suffered by the business, adata breach can also inflict untold reputational damage. Cyber-attacks these days arebecoming progressively destructive. Cybercriminals are using more sophisticated ways to initiate cyber attacks. Regulations such as GDPR areforcing organizations into taking better care of the personal data they hold.

Because of the above reasons, cybersecurity has become an important part of the business and the focus now is on developing appropriate response plans that minimize the damage in the event of a cyber attack. But, an organization or an individual can develop a proper response plan only when he has a good grip on cybersecurity fundamentals.

Now that we know what cybersecurity is and why it is important, let’s take a look at fundamental objectives of cybersecurity.


Cybersecurity Fundamentals   Introduction to Cybersecurity
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The CIA Triad

Confidentiality, integrity, andavailability , also known as theCIA triad, is a model designed to guide companies and organizations to form their security policies. Technically, cybersecuritymeans protecting information from unauthorized access, unauthorized modification, and unauthorized deletion in order to provide confidentiality, integrity, and availability.


Cybersecurity Fundamentals   Introduction to Cybersecurity

Let’s explore thesecomponents and some of the information security measures which are designed to assure the safety of each component.

Cybersecurity Fundamentals Confidentiality

Confidentiality is about preventing the disclosure of data to unauthorized parties. It also means tryingto keep the identity of authorized parties involved in sharing and holding data private and anonymous. Often confidentiality is compromised by cracking poorly encrypted data,Man-in-the-middle(MITM) attacks, disclosing sensitive data.

Standard measures to establish confidentiality include:

Data encryption Two-factor authentication Biometric verification Security tokens Integrity

Integrity refers to protecting information from being modified by unauthorized parties. It is arequirement that information and programs are changed only in a specified and authorized manner. Challenges that could endanger integrity include turning a machine into a “zombie computer”,embedding malware into web pages.

Standard measures to guarantee integrity include:

Cryptographic checksums Using file permissions Uninterrupted power supplies Data backups Availability

Availability is making sure that authorized parties are able to access the information when needed.Data only has value if the right people can access it at the right time.Information unavailability can occur due to security incidents such as DDoS attacks,hardware failures, programming errors, human errors.

Standard measures to guara

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